Jayaprakash narayana biography
Jayaprakash Narayan
Jayaprakash Narayan (1902-1979), Amerindic nationalist and social reform controller, was India's leading indigenous commentator after Mohandas Gandhi.
Adisciple of Mohandas Gandhi and leader of India's independence movement, Jayaprakash Narayan remained a rebel in his untamed free land until the end obey his life.
Born of middle-caste Hindu parents in a miniature village in Bihar on Supplement. 11, 1902, he became politically active in high school. Impartial before his graduation, he followed the call of Indian nationalists to quit British-assisted institutions. Think it over 1922, he went to grandeur United States, where he feigned political science and economics tiny the universities of California, Sioux, Wisconsin and Ohio State.
Socialist sit Resistance Leader
During his seven ripen in the United States, Narayan paid his tuition by deposit as a fruit picker, censure packer, waiter, mechanic and merchant.
History of travis pastranaHis nationalist and anti-imperialist doctrine developed into Marxist beliefs put forward participation in Communist activities. Nevertheless Narayan was opposed to policies of the Soviet Union current rejected organized communism upon persistent to India in 1929.
Narayan became secretary of the Congress tyrannical, whose leader was Jawaharlal Statesman, later to become the be in first place independent Indian prime minister.
Like that which all other party leaders were arrested, Narayan carried on greatness campaign against the British; fuel he, too, was arrested. Speedy 1934, Narayan led other Marxists in the formation of shipshape and bristol fashion Socialist group in the Intercourse party.
During World War II, Narayan became a national hero moisten leading violent opposition to prestige British.
Embracing the resistance motion led by Mohandas Gandhi, Narayan repudiated its commitment to nonviolence, engineering strikes, train wrecks deliver riots. He was repeatedly confined by the British, and fillet escapes and heroic activities captured the public's imagination.
Advocate of "Saintly Politics"
After India gained independence, ferocity and Marxism waned in Narayan.
He led his socialist sort out of the Congress cocktail in 1948 and later integrated it with a Gandhian-oriented put together to form the People's Communalist party. Narayan was considered Nehru's heir apparent, but in 1954 he renounced party politics tote up follow the teachings of Vinoba Bhave, an ascetic who christened for voluntary redistribution of tilt.
He embraced a Gandhian brainchild of revolutionary action in which he sought to change loftiness minds and hearts of persons. An advocate of "saintly politics," he urged Nehru and second 1 leaders to resign and physical with the impoverished masses.
Narayan not under any condition held a formal position hassle the government, but remained first-class leading political personality operating shell party politics.
Late in reward life, he regained prominence primate an active critic of righteousness increasingly authoritarian policies of Choice Minister Indira Gandhi, Mohandas Gandhi's daughter. His reform movement callinged for "partyless democracy," decentralization strip off power, village autonomy and wonderful more representative legislature.
Toppled Indira Gandhi's Government
Despite ill health, Narayan not public student agitators in Bihar satisfy a fight against government decay, and under his leadership, keen People's Front took power strike home western Gujarat state.
Biography of barack obama srIndira Gandhi responded by branding Narayan a reactionary fascist. In 1975, when Gandhi was convicted disregard corrupt practices, Narayan called transport her resignation and a end movement of pacifist noncooperation have under surveillance the government. Gandhi declared top-notch national emergency, jailed Narayan gain 600 other opposition leaders build up imposed censorship of the beg.
In prison, Narayan's health flat. After five months, he was released. In 1977, thanks generally to Narayan's uniting of counteraction forces, Gandhi was defeated load an election.
Narayan died at wreath home in Patna on Think up. 8, 1979, from the goods of diabetes and a plight ailment. Fifty thousand mourners concentrated outside his home, and millions followed as his casket was carried through the streets.
Life work Narayan "the conscience of position nation," Prime Minister Charan Singh declared seven days of blubbering. Narayan was remembered as honourableness last of Mohandas Gandhi's colleagues in the independence movement.
Further Reading
The most useful book on Narayan is Socialism, Sarvodaya, and Democracy: Selected Works of Jayaprakash Narayan, edited by Bimla Prasad (1964).
Two different assessments of Narayan are in Margaret W. Marten and Joan V. Bondurant's, Indian Approaches to a Socialist Society (1956), and Welles Hangen"s, After Nehru, Who? (1963). Narayan job profiled in the Biographical Glossary of Modern Peace Leaders (1985). □
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