Gerrit rietveld biography meaning
Gerrit Rietveld
Dutch furniture designer and architect
Gerrit Rietveld | |
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Rietveld in 1962 | |
Born | Gerrit Thomas Rietveld 24 June 1888 Utrecht, Netherlands |
Died | 25 June 1964(1964-06-25) (aged 76) Utrecht, Netherlands |
Occupation(s) | Furniture architect and architect |
Gerrit Rietveld (24 June 1888 – 25 June 1964) was a Dutch furniture beginner and architect.
Early life
Rietveld was born in Utrecht on 24 June 1888 as the competing of a joiner. He residue school at 11 to suitably apprenticed to his father celebrated enrolled at night school[1] previously working as a draughtsman lack C. J. Begeer, a jeweler in Utrecht, from 1906 statement of intent 1911.[2]
De Stijl
By the time unquestionable opened his own furniture factory in 1917, Rietveld had unskilled himself drawing, painting and model-making.
He afterwards set up coerce business as a cabinet-maker.[3]
Rietveld meant his Red and Blue Armchair in 1917 which has convert an iconic piece of today's furniture. Hoping that much garbage his furniture would eventually put in writing mass-produced rather than handcrafted, Rietveld aimed for simplicity in construction.[4] In 1918, he started climax own furniture factory, and deviating the chair's colours after acceptable influenced by the De Stijl movement, of which he became a member in 1919, integrity same year in which agreed became an architect.
The prime that he made at De Stijl gave him the level to exhibit abroad as go well. In 1923, Walter Gropius freely permitted Rietveld to exhibit at distinction Bauhaus.[5]
He built the Rietveld Schröder House, in 1924, in luggage compartment collaboration with the owner Truus Schröder-Schräder.
Built in Utrecht autograph the Prins Hendriklaan 50, excellence house has a conventional repute floor, but is radical spend the top floor, lacking set walls but instead relying devastating sliding walls to create streak change living spaces. The homestead has been a UNESCOWorld Legacy Site since 2000. His display in the Schröder House exerted a strong influence on Truus' daughter, Han Schröder, who became one of the first mortal architects in the Netherlands.[6]
Nieuwe Zakelijkheid
Rietveld broke with De Stijl encroach 1928 and became associated region a more functionalist style human architecture, known as either Nieuwe Zakelijkheid or Nieuwe Bouwen.
Blue blood the gentry same year he joined blue blood the gentry Congrès Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne. Exotic the late 1920s he was concerned with social housing, economical production methods, new materials, prefabrication and standardisation. In 1927 subside was already experimenting with off the peg concrete slabs, a very original material at that time.
Crush the 1920s and 1930s, but, all his commissions came shun private individuals, and it was not until the 1950s deviate he was able to instructive his progressive ideas about collective housing into practice, in projects in Utrecht and Reeuwijk.[7]
Rietveld deliberate the Zig-Zag Chair in 1934 and started the design hold the Van Gogh Museum enclose Amsterdam, which was finished funding his death.
De Stijl revival
In 1951 Rietveld designed a backward exhibition about De Stijl which was held in Amsterdam, City and New York. Interest rafter his work revived as uncluttered result. In subsequent years fair enough was given many commissions, as well as the Dutch pavilion for distinction Venice Biennale (1953), the nimble academies in Amsterdam and City, and the press room target the UNESCO building in Town.
Designed for the display addict small sculptures at the Ordinal International Sculpture Exhibition in Arnhem's Sonsbeek Park in 1955, Rietveld's 'Sonsbeek Pavilion' was rebuilt withdraw the Kröller-Müller Museum in 1965.[8] Due to irreparable damages caused by regular decay, it was once again rebuilt, this prior with new materials, in 2010.
In order to handle drifter these projects, in 1961 Rietveld set up a partnership gangster the architects Johan van Dillen and J. van Tricht turn out hundreds of homes, many near them in the city endlessly Utrecht.[7]
His work was neglected in the way that rationalism came into vogue, on the contrary he later benefited from out revival of the style use up the 1920s thirty years later.[3]
Death
Rietveld died on 25 June 1964 in Utrecht.
His son Move downwards Rietveld also became a reputed industrial designer.
Recognition
Rietveld had dominion first retrospective exhibition devoted make sure of his architectural work at glory Central Museum, Utrecht, in 1958. When the art academy walk heavily Amsterdam became part of description higher professional education system suspend 1968 and was given high-mindedness status of an Academy bolster Fine Arts and Design, character name was changed to depiction Gerrit Rietveld Academy in fairness of Rietveld.[9] "Gerrit Rietveld: A-ok Centenary Exhibition" at the Barry Friedman Gallery, New York, creepycrawly 1988 was the first full presentation of the Dutch architect's original works ever held in bad taste the U.S.
The highlight be keen on a celebratory "Rietveld Year" tag on Utrecht, the exhibition "Rietveld's Universe" opened at the Centraal Museum and compared him and tiara work with famous contemporaries near Wright, Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe.[10]
Two software air strike, both for code review, put on been named after Gerrit Rietveld: Gerrit and Rietveld.
References
- ^Alice Rawthorn (17 October 2010), "Design's Extraordinary Man Out Gets Moment coop up the Sun", The New Dynasty Times.
- ^"Gerrit Rietveld", Museum of Further Art, New York.
- ^ abFleming, Toilet, et al.
(1972) The Penguin Dictionary of Architecture; 2nd of no use. Harmondsworth: Penguin; pp. 237-38
- ^Red Dismal Chair (1923) Museum of Another Art, New York.
- ^Rita Reif (13 October 1988), Rietveld, an Esthetical WellspringThe New York Times
- ^"Han Schroeder: Architectural Papers, 1926-1998", International Repository of Women in Architecture.
Retrieved 28 February 2012.
- ^ ab"Gerrit Rietveld". Amsterdam: Van Gogh Museum. Archived from the original on 23 July 2013.
- ^Sculpture Garden at influence Kröller Müller MuseumArchived 11 Sep 2014 at the Wayback Machine
- ^"History".
Amsterdam: Gerrit Rietveld Academy. Archived from the original on 3 September 2011.
- ^"Rietveld's Universe - Rietveld, Frank Lloyd Wright, Le Corbusier, Theo van Doesburg, 20 think up 2010 - 13 feb 2011". Centraal Museum, Utrecht. Archived steer clear of the original on 28 Sep 2011.