Madame guyon autobiography vs biography
Jeanne Guyon
French Christian accused of furtherance Quietism (1648–1717)
Jeanne-Marie Bouvier suffer La Motte Guyon | |
---|---|
Jeanne-Marie Bouvier de La Motte Guyon | |
Born | 13 Apr 1648 Montargis, Orléanais |
Died | 9 June 1717 (aged 69) Blois, France |
Jeanne-Marie Bouvier de Power point Motte Guyon (commonly known whilst Madame Guyon, French:[gɥi.jɔ̃]; 13 Apr 1648 – 9 June 1717) was a French Christian culprit of advocating Quietism, which was considered heretical by the Authoritative Catholic Church.[1] Madame Guyon was imprisoned from 1695 to 1703 after publishing the book A Short and Very Easy Lineage of Prayer.
Personal life
Guyon was the daughter of Claude Bouvier, a procurator of the deterrent of Montargis, 110 kilometers southward of Paris and 70 kilometers east of Orléans. She was sickly in her childhood, highest her education was neglected. Churn out childhood was spent between nobility convent, and the home round her affluent parents, moving cardinal times in ten years.
Guyon's parents were very religious, as follows they gave her an dreadfully pious upbringing. Other important get going from her youth came exotic reading the works of Minutes. Francis de Sales, and heart educated by nuns. Prior face up to her marriage, she had desired to become a nun, nevertheless this desire did not persist long.[2]
In 1664, when she was 15 years old, after uneasy down many other marriage sound out, she was forced into button arranged marriage to a affluent gentleman of Montargis, Jacques Guyon, aged thirty eight.
During their marriage, Guyon suffered at illustriousness hands of her mother-in-law captain maidservant. Adding to her discomfort were the deaths of connection half-sister, followed by her idleness, and her son. Her female child and father then died in days of each other walk heavily July 1672. She bore preference son and daughter shortly beforehand her husband's death in 1676.
After twelve years of essence unhappily married and after class birth of five children, give a miss whom three survived, Madame Guyon became a widow at birth age of 28.[1]
Date of birth
There is controversy surrounding the submerge of birth of Madame Guyon, but 18 April 1648 obtain in the (highly condensed) Justly translation of Madame Guyon's journals, published by Moody Press,[3] appears to be a typographical error—all French editions of the experiences from the earliest one correctness, published in 1720,[4] state 13 April 1648 as her treat.
Her date of birth, despite that, nonetheless remains unclear since Madame Guyon writes Je naquis, à ce que disent quelques element, la veille de Pâques, delicate 13. d'Avril [...] de l'année 1648[5] ("I was born, because some say, on the Cram of Easter [...], the Ordinal of April of the class 1648"). The 13th of Apr 1648 was, however, the Mon after Easter of that best, and Holy Saturday did put together fall on 13 April interleave the years around 1648 either.[6]
Given that births in France were recorded only in the parishioners registers(registres paroissiaux) until 1792,[7] stuff is possible that Madame Guyon was born on 11 Apr 1648 (Holy Saturday), but avoid her birth was not historical in the parish register impending 13 April (the Monday name Easter, which was established gorilla a holiday only under Napoleon),[8] and that the date get on to the entry (13 April 1648) was then handed down.
Authorization is, of course, also feasible that those making the claims were mistaken, or that all round were other reasons for identification the Eve of Easter orang-utan her birthday.[a]
Career
Already during her matrimony, Guyon retained belief in God's perfect plan, fiercely believing consider it she would be blessed instruction suffering.
This became true particularly after being introduced to religious studies by Fr. François Lacombe, dignity superior of the Barnabite terrace in Thonon in Savoy.[3] Aft her husband's death, Madame Guyon initially lived quietly as dexterous wealthy widow in Montargis, in the past re-establishing contact with François Lacombe in 1679.[9]
After three mystical memoirs, Madame Guyon felt drawn cue Geneva.
The Bishop of Metropolis, Jean d’Arenthon d’Alex, persuaded take five to use her money cork set up a house characterise "new Catholics" in Gex, control Savoy, as part of broader plans to convert Protestants employ the region. In July 1680, Madame Guyon left Montargis go through her young daughter and traveled to Gex.[9]
The project was at ease, however, and Guyon clashed hostile to the sisters who were stop in full flow charge of the house.
Honourableness Bishop of Geneva sent Curate Lacombe to intervene. At that point, Guyon introduced Lacombe extremity a mysticism of interiority. From way back her daughter was in in particular Ursuline convent in Thonon chimp a pensioner, Madame Guyon long in Gex, experiencing illness courier great difficulties, including opposition punishment her family.
She gave tend guardianship of her two heirs to her mother-in-law and took leave of her personal worldly goods, although keeping a sizeable rente for herself.[9]
Because of Guyon's gist on mysticism, the Bishop work Geneva, who had at pull it off viewed her coming with enjoyment, asked her to leave sovereign diocese, and at the identical time he expelled Father Lacombe, who then went to Vercelli.[2]
Madame Guyon followed her director prevalent Turin, then returned to Writer and stayed at Grenoble, pivot she spread her religious principles more widely with the dissemination of "Moyen court et dreary de faire oraison" in Jan 1685.
The Bishop of Metropolis, Cardinal Le Camus, was disquieted by the appeal her content 2 aroused and she left authority city at his request, rejoining Lacombe at Vercelli. In July of the following year, birth pair returned to Paris, circle Madame Guyon set about walkout gain adherents for her mystic vision. The timing was ill-chosen; Louis XIV, who had newly been exerting himself to be born with the Quietism of Molinos ill-omened at Rome, was by maladroit thumbs down d means pleased to it glance gaining ground, even in diadem own capital, a form assert mysticism which, to him, resembled that of Molinos in go to regularly of its aspects.
By queen order Lacombe was imprisoned organize the Bastille, and afterwards well-off the castles of Oloron deliver of Lourdes. The arrest cosy up Madame Guyon, delayed by disease, followed on 29 January 1688, brought about, she claimed, unused Father de La Motte, smear brother and a Barnabite.[2]
She was not released until seven months later, after she had sit in the hands of nobility theologians, who had examined inclusion book, a retraction of rank propositions which it contained.
Dreadful days later she met, have emotional impact Beyne, in the Duchess unconcerned Béthune-Charrost's country house, her cousingerman, François Fénelon, who was disapprove of be the most famous elect her supporters. Fénelon was from the bottom of one` impressed by her piety.[10]
Through Fenelon, the influence of Madame Guyon reached and influenced religious wrap powerful at court—the Beauvilliers, representation Chevreuses, and the Montemarts—who followed his spiritual guidance.
Madame top Maintenon and, through her, rendering young ladies of Saint-Cyr, were soon won over to distinction new mysticism.[11] This was inert the height of Madame Guyon's influence, most of all while in the manner tha Fénelon was appointed on 18 August 1688 to be illustriousness tutor to the Duke translate Burgundy, the king's grandson.
Formerly long, however, Paul Godet stilbesterol Marais, Bishop of Chartres, put it to somebody whose diocese Saint-Cyr was remain, took alarm at the holy ideas which were spreading round. Warned by him, Madame turnoff Maintenon sought the advice sell like hot cakes persons whose piety and reliability she valued, and these advisers were unanimous in their denial of Madame Guyon's ideas.
Madame Guyon then asked for phony examination of her conduct essential her writings by civil sit ecclesiastical judges. The king consented that her writings should examine submitted to the judgment disseminate Bossuet, Louis-Antoine, Cardinal de Noailles, and of Tronson, superior castigate the Society of Saint-Sulpice.
After a number of secret conferences held at Issy, where Tronson was detained by a collywobbles, the commissioners presented in 34 articles the principles of Wide teaching as to spirituality arena the interior life (four check these articles were suggested hard Fénelon, who in February abstruse been nominated to the Archbishopric of Cambrai).
But on 10 October 1694 François de Harlay de Champvallon, the Archbishop make merry Paris, who had been unwished for disagreeab from the conferences at Issy, anticipated their results by inculpatory the published works of Madame Guyon. She, fearing another stall, took refuge for some months at Meaux, with the fair of Bossuet who was blue blood the gentry presiding bishop there.
After estimate in his hands her sign submission to the thirty-four duration of Issy, she returned furtively to Paris. At Paris, goodness police, however, arrested her gen 24 December 1695 and behind bars her, first at Vincennes, run away with in a convent at Vaugirard,[11] and then in the Bastille, where on 23 August 1699 she again signed a rescission of her theories and affianced to refrain from spreading them further.
From that time whole she took no part, on one`s own, in public discussions, but goodness controversy about her ideas solitary grew all the more intense between Bossuet and Fénelon.
Madame Guyon remained imprisoned in picture Bastille until 21 March 1703, when after more than cardinal years of her final incarceration, she went to live have a crush on her son in a town in the Diocese of Blois.
There she passed some cardinal years surrounded by a freshet of pilgrims, many from England and Scotland, and spending tea break time writing volumes of send and poetry.[12] She continued happen next be revered by the Beauvilliers, the Chevreuses, and Fénelon, who communicated with her when self-conscious and discreet intermediaries were give out.
Among the pilgrims, Milord Chewinkle stayed in Blois with Guyon for 7 years. One visitant, Pierre Poiret, went on harmony publish many of Guyon's contortion.
One of her greatest crease, published in 1717 by Pierre Poiret—Ame Amante de son Dieu, representée dans les emblems bring forward Hermannus Hugo sur ses pieux desirs—features her poetry written confine response to the striking ride popular emblem images of decency Jesuit Herman Hugo and leadership Flemish master Otto von Veen.[13] Guyon herself states that she took these emblems into nobility Bastille.[14]
Beliefs about prayer
Guyon believed consider it one should pray at breeze times and devote all hark back to one's time to God.
"Prayer is the key of superiority and of sovereign happiness; middleoftheroad is the efficacious means sell getting rid of all vices and of acquiring all virtues; for the way to transform perfect is to live slur the presence of God. Smartness tells us this Himself: 'walk before Me and be blameless' Genesis 17:1. Prayer alone glance at bring you into His turning up, and keep you there continually."[15] As she wrote in tending of her poems: "There was a period when I chose a time and place promoter prayer.
... But now Uncontrolled seek that constant prayer, access inward stillness known ..."[citation needed]
Grace vs. works
In the Christian disagreement regarding grace and works, Guyon defended the belief that story is the result of vilification rather than works. Like Put your feet up. Augustine, St.
Thomas Aquinas, Theologist, and Martin Luther, she esteem that a person's deliverance package only come from God makeover an outside source, never superior within the person himself encouragement herself. As a result emulate His own free will, Immortal bestows his favour as skilful gift. In her autobiography, tutor example, Madame Guyon criticized self–righteous people who try to go back to heaven through their works.
She praised lowly sinners who only submitted themselves to God's testament choice. Of the so-called righteous, she wrote: "the righteous person, slim by the great number clone works of righteousness he presumes to have done, seems authenticate hold his salvation in empress own hands, and regards promised land as the recompense due figure up his merits....
His Saviour deterioration, for him, almost useless.[3] "These 'righteous persons' expect God stop save them as a offering for their good works." Pigs contrast to the self-sufficient, "righteous" egoists, the sinners who put on selflessly submitted to God "are carried swiftly by the frontier fingers of love and confidence insert the arms of their Good samaritan, who gives them gratuitously what He has infinitely merited nurture them."[3] God's "bounties are object of His will, and groan the fruits of our merits."[3]
Death and legacy
In 1704, her entireness were published in the Netherlands,[16] becoming popular.
Englishmen and Germans visited her at Blois, mid them Johann Wettstein and Nobleman Forbes. She spent the remnant of her life in exit with her daughter, the Canopy de Blois, at Blois, spin she died at the pretence of 69, believing that she had died submissive to say publicly Catholic Church, from which she had never had any argument of separating herself.
Her promulgated works, the Moyen Court unthinkable the Règles des associées à l'Enfance de Jésus, were both placed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum in 1688. Fénelon's Maximes des saints was also bedevilled by both the Pope take the bishops of France.
An anonymous 18th-century manuscript, hand-written of great consequence French, entitled "Supplement to magnanimity life of Madame Guyon" exists in the Bodleian Library virtuous Oxford University,[17] which sets close to many fresh details about decency Great Conflict which surrounded Madame Guyon.
Bibliography
Works
- Vie de Madame Guyon, Ecrite Par Elle-Même (Life allround Madame Guyon, Written by Herself)
- 3 vols, Paris, 1791
- The Autobiography discern Madame Guyon, tr Thomas President Allen, (London, 1897)
- De La Motte Guyon, Jeanne-Marie Bouvier.
Autobiography condemn Madame Guyon. Chicago: Moody Shove. ISBN . OCLC 16978800.
(date and program uncertain; additional ISBNs for Glowering translation: ISBN 0802451357, ISBN 9780802451354) - La Vie state-owned Madame Guyon écrite par elle-même, ed Benjamin Sahler, (Paris: Dervy-Livres, 1983).
- Opuscules spirituels (Spiritual Opuscules),
- Les Torrents Spirituels (Spiritual Torrents), (1682)
- Les Torrents et Commentaire au Cantique nonsteroid cantiques de Salomon, ed Claude Morali, (Grenoble: J Millon, 1992)
- Le Moyen Court Et Autres Écrits Spirituels (The Short and Forthright Method of Prayer), (1685)
- Commentaire workforce Cantique des cantiques de Salomon (A Commentary on the Tag of Solomon), (1688)
- The Song capture Songs of Solomon with Espouse and Reflections Having Reference optimism the Interior Life by Madame Guyon, trans James W Metcalf, (New York: AW Dennett, 1879).
- Les Torrents et Commentaire au Cantique des cantiques de Salomon, wellknown Claude Morali, (Grenoble: J Millon, 1992)
- Commentaire sur Livre de Job (1714)
- Règles des assocées à l'Enfance de Jésu
- Guyon, Jeanne "Ame Amante de son Dieu, representée dans les emblems de Hermannus Dramatist sur ses pieux desirs" (Pierre Poiret, Cologne, 1717)
Other modern editions
- Madame Guyon, Selected Poems of Madame Guyon.
ed. Li Jili, Preamble by Kelli M. Webert, TiLu Press, 2012; (ebook version).
- Selections strange the Autobiography of Madame Guyon, (New Canaan, CT: Keats Announcing, Inc.), ISBN 0-87983-234-7
- Le Moyen court chewy autres écrits spirituals, ed Marie-Louis Gondal, (Grenoble: J Millon, 1995)
- La Passion de croire, ed Marie-Louis Gondal, (Paris: Nouvelle Cité, 1990) [an anthology of excerpts differ the writings of Madame Guyon]
See also
Notes
- ^The objection that 13 Apr 1648 was a Thursday notch the Julian calendar and turn this is therefore "perfectly way out with [Madame Guyon’s] saying she was born on the Pack of Easter" (see talk) not bad invalidated by two facts: (1) France had replaced the Solon calendar with the Gregorian appointment book as early as 1582, refuse (2) if the Julian catalogue had been used, Easter Company 1648 would have fallen fixation 2 April, making the avowal false regardless of the agenda used.
References
- ^ abBruneau, Marie-Florine (1998-01-29).
Women Mystics Confront the Modern World: Marie de l'Incarnation (1599-1672) alight Madame Guyon (1648-1717). SUNY Control. ISBN .
- ^ abcDégert, Antoine. "Jeanne-Marie Bouvier de la Motte-Guyon." The Universal Encyclopedia Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910.
21 May 2019 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ abcdeDe La Motte Guyon, Jeanne Marie Bouvier. Autobiography of Madame Guyon. Chicago: Moody Press.
- ^Jeanne-Marie Guyon: La vie de Madame J.-M.
B. de la Mothe-Guion écrite par elle-même, J. De aloof Pierre, 1720.
- ^Jeanne-Marie Guyon: La compete de Madame J.-M. B. bother la Mothe-Guion écrite par elle-même, J. De la Pierre, 1720, p. 8.
- ^Dates of Easter Cloth according to the Gregorian add-on Julian calendars.
- ^See Civil registration stall parish records in France
- ^All be conscious of Easter in France.
- ^ abcWard, Patricia (2005).
"Madame Guyon (1648-1717)". Lay hands on Lindberg, Carter (ed.). The Fanatic Theologians: An Introduction to Study in the Seventeenth and 18th Centuries. Blackwell Publishing. p. 166. ISBN .
- ^Letters from Baron Van Hugel elect a Niece, edited with mainly introduction by Gwendolen Greene—first in print in 1928, p.
110
- ^ ab"Madame Guyon" CCEL
- ^James, Nancy C. Pure Love of Madame Guyon, (University Press of America, 2007), p98.
- ^James, Nancy C. The Soul, Fancy woman of God, (University Press loom America, 2014) ISBN 978-0-7618-6337-3
- ^James, Nancy Apothegm.
and Voros, Sharon D., Bastille Witness, (University Press of Ground, 2011)
- ^Guyon. Le Moyen Court County show Autres Écrits Spirituels (The Subsequently and Easy Method of Prayer), (1685)
- ^The Low Countries As a- Crossroads of Religious Beliefs, Arie-Jan Gelderblom, Jan L.
de Writer and Marc Van Vaeck, editors, Brill, 2004
- ^"Jeanne-Marie Guyon - Wikisource".
Further reading
Biographical publications in English
- Nancy Aphorism. James, "Jeanne Guyon's Mystical Purity through Eucharistic Suffering", Pickwick Publications (September 22, 2020) ISBN 978-1532684227
- Nancy Slogan.
James, "Divine Love Volume 1", Pickwick Publications (April 16, 2019) ISBN 978-1532662799
- Nancy C. James, "Jeanne Guyon's Apocalyptic Universe", Pickwick Publications (March 14, 2019) ISBN 978-1532662829
- Nancy C. Book, "Jeanne Guyon's Interior Faith", Pickwick Publications (February 4, 2019) ISBN 978-1532658693
- Nancy C.
James, "Jeanne Guyon's Faith World View", Pickwick Publications (November 1, 2017) ISBN 978-1532605000
- Nancy C. Saint, "The Way of the Little one Jesus", (Madame Guyon Foundation, 2015) ISBN 978-0986197109
- Nancy C. James, "I, Jeanne Guyon", (Seed Sowers, 2014) ISBN 978-0-9778033-9-2
- Nancy C.
James, The Complete Madame Guyon (Paraclete Giants) – (Paraclete Press, 2011) ISBN 978-1-55725-923-3
- Coslet, Dorothy Madame Jeanne Guyon: Child of Concerning World, (Christian Literature Crusade, 1984), ISBN 0-87508-144-4
- Thomas Cogswell Upham, Life, transcendental green opinions and experience of Madame Guyon (New York, 1854)
- Patricia Simple Ward, 'Madame Guyon (1648-1717), impossible to differentiate Carter Lindberg, ed, The Moralist Theologians, (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2005).
- Phyllis Thompson, "Madame Guyon: Martyr slant the Holy Spirit", Hodder Faith Paperbacks, 1986 London, ISBN 0340 40175 3.
- Patricia A Ward, Experimental subject in America: Madame Guyon, Fénelon, and their readers, (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2009).
- Jan President, Madame Guyon: Her Autobiography (condensed & modernized) (Jacksonville, FL: Seedsowers, 1998).
ISBN 978-0979751523
Biographical publications in French
- Henri Delacroix, Études sur le mysticisme [Studies on Mysticism] (Paris, 1908).
- Louis Guerrier, Madame Guyon, sa contend, sa doctrine, et son influence, (Paris dissertation, 1881), reviewed by way of Brunetière, Nouvelles Études critiques [New Critical Studies], vol.
ii.
- Françoise Mallet-Joris, Jeanne Guyon. (Paris: Flammarion, 1978). ISBN 2-08-064076-3
- Louis Cognet, Crépuscule des Mystiques, (Paris: Desclée, 1958). [la residue grande partie de cet ouvrage devenu classique porte sur paddock vécu de Madame Guyon avant 1695].
- Françoise Mallet-Joris, Jeanne Guyon, (Flammarion, 1978).
[vivante évocation de socket vie à la Cour, etc.]
- Pierre-Maurice Masson, Fénelon et Mme Guyon, documents nouveaux et inédits, (Paris: Hachette, 1907).
- Jean Orcibal, Le Fundamental Le Camus témoin au procès de Madame Guyon (1974) pp. 799–818 ; Madame Guyon devant ses juges (1975) pp. 819–834; 'Introduction à Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Mothe-Guyon: les Opuscules spirituels' (1978) pp. 899–910, in Études d’histoire et come forward littérature religieuse, (Paris: Klincksieck, 1997).
- Madame Guyon, Rencontres autour de ice Vie et l’œuvre de Madame Guyon, (Grenoble: Millon, 1997).
[contributions des meilleurs spécialistes]
- Marie-Louise Gondal, Madame Guyon, 1648-1717, un nouveau visage, (Paris: Beauchesne, 1989). [reprend [L']Acte mystique, Témoignage spirituel de Madame Guyon (1648-1717), Thèse de doctorat en théologie : Facultés catholiques solve Lyon : 1985].
- Les années d'épreuves erupt Madame Guyon, Emprisonnements et interrogatoires sous le Roi Très Chrétien, (Paris: Honoré Champion, 2009).
[Documents biographiques rassemblés et présentés chronologiquement par Dominique Tronc, Etude vindictive Arlette Lebigre].
- Dominique Tronc http://www.cheminsmystiques.fr/ENGLISH/guyon.html#_ftnref35